نشریه راهبردهای توسعه روستایی
سال هشتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 32، زمستان 1400)

Industrialization plays a major role in the economic and social development of rural communities. In the process of industrial development, industrial estates is recognized as one of the strategies for development of rural communities. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the effects of social and economic dimension of phase one and two industrial estates on rural areas in Urmia city. The research method is quasi-experimental which has been evaluated using a post-test design of two experimental and control groups. The statistical population includes village's adjacent to the industrial estates (Ghahramanlou Sofla, Ilyas Abad and Jarchilo) and non-adjacent areas of the industrial estate (Keshtiban, Miyavogh and Tazekend). The results showed that the two areas study, namely the villages adjacent to the industrial estates and the villages far from the industrial estates are different in terms of economic and social consequences. In terms of economic impacts, the average of adjacent villages (economic improvement (30/6), employment (13/5), job satisfaction (7)) was more than villages far from the estates (economic improvement (25.8), employment (10/8), job satisfaction (5/9). This difference was made significant by using the values of the t-test of two independent samples. In general, the average of this variable was evaluated in the villages adjacent to the town (51/1) and in the villages far from the town (42/6). The results also show the impact of the industrial estates on the dimensions of social consequences in the sense that, along with the decrease in migration and increase in the quality of life in the villages adjacent to the estate, enhancement of social harms is also observed in these villages.

The study of the behavior of investors has a significant bearing on the development of various economic sectors. One of the important issues in assessing the success of investors is their predicted level of achievement. In this study, the level of realization of agricultural conversion and complementary construction projects in Mazandaran province has been investigated. The level of possibility of the goals achieved is from the proposed capacity ratio in the license to the capacity built to start work. The data was collected from the Jihad Agriculture Organization of Mazandaran province and 386 units were selected as the sample. The units studied in this research were divided into three groups less than realized, fully realized and more than realized. The generalized probit model was used to identify the effective factors on the level of feasibility. The results show that the variables of type of ownership, location, activity size, duration of construction of unit on the level of realization of construction of conversion industries are effective. The effect of these variables varies in different cities and types of activities. Using the present model, we can predict the level of realization of planned goals in the construction of the mentioned units.

The importance of the market for agricultural products is as important as the production of the product. However, marketing has always been one of the major problems of smallholder and family farmers. The present descriptive survey research has investigated the marketing efficiency of agricultural products of rural small family farms. The study population included 2000 family farmers in Basht county in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. Using the Georgian and Morgan table, 322 of them were studied by random cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to collect information, the validity of which was confirmed by referring to university professors, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that the marketing efficiency of family farm agricultural products is equal to 2.5. In other words, one unit increase in product costs, 2.5 units in price increase, which is to the benefit of the producer and to the detriment of the consumer. However, with increasing levels of education, annual agricultural income, number of workers, local infrastructure services, and financial services, the marketing efficiency of products increases. Also, increasing in size of the owned land is inversely related to the numerical value of marketing efficiency. In other words, as the size of owned land increases, the numerical value of marketing efficiency decreases. With increasing in the annual cost of agriculture, the amount of marketing efficiency decreases. The results showed that the marketing efficiency of agricultural products of literate farmers as well as farmers with arable land size more than 1.5 hectares was higher than other farmers. In sum, only 0.3% of farmers had marketing with the desired efficiency (equal to one), and the highest efficiency was related to the path of producers to wholesalers. Establishing marketing cooperatives and promoting a suitable cultivation pattern are among the suggestions of the present study to increase the marketing efficiency of agricultural products.

Changing the pattern of household consumption in Iran is one of the most important issues influencing social and economic changes. Considering the issue of allocation of limited resources of the country and the management of demographic patterns of household consumption patterns, it is important to study the changes in the pattern of consumption and the factors affecting it. The main purpose of this paper is to study the effects of population dynamics and the impact of economic factors on the patterns of rural and urban consumption patterns. In order to achieve the objectives of this paper, panel data has been used with income data and household expenses during the period of 2007-2017.The results of the study showed that the changes in the household consumption pattern with the variables of education, population, unemployment, total income and household expenses are significant.And with a decline in education and unemployment, the rate of consumption increases and with the increase of other variables, ie population, total income and total cost of consumption increases.

Due to its potentials and facilities, the silk industry can be developed in various ways and play a strategic role in rural development. This study aims to provide strategies for the development of the silk industry in the country in order to enable development, especially in the rural sector. To this end, first, using literature and interviewing experts in this field, 12 external points and 11 internal points were identified and prioritized. Then, based on a strategic model (TOWS), the development strategies of this industry were determined. The statistical population of this research is 36 specialists and experts familiar with the internal and external operations and environment of this industry and all the collected information has been obtained through the consensus of expert judgments. The results showed that the strategy of reconstruction and strengthening the integration of weaving in the silk value chain is selected as the best strategy. Based on these findings, suggestions are made that can provide a roadmap for policy makers to develop the silk industry and strengthen its competitiveness.

Production of oilseed crops plays an important role in saving foreign exchange, accelerating the process of economic development, security and food independence of the country. Also, villages are always mentioned as one of the powerful and effective components in facilitating and accelerating the process of economic development of the country. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a strategic plan for the cultivation of oilseed crops in the sustainable development of rural areas of Sistan region by SWOT method. In this research, four important oilseed crops of the region including sesame, safflower, rapeseed and sunflower were studied. This research is theoretical and applied from aim aspect; and it is descriptive-analytical from content aspect. The data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the mentioned goal were examined from the perspective of researchers, managers and experts of Jihad-e-Agriculture organization and also farmers of oilseed crops using a questionnaire and interviews. Based on the results of the research, it was observed that the main strategy of the mentioned goal is an aggressive strategy. This strategy is a combination of strengths and opportunities, which among the internal factors, strengths; and among external factors, opportunities were identified as the dominant part. Therefore, according to the research results, it was concluded that the main priorities for achieving sustainable rural development are "increasing the guaranteed price", "providing low-interest bank facilities for planting oilseeds" and "allocating subsidies to purchase machinery of planting and harvesting of oilseed crops".

Due to the different climates, some areas of Kerman province have a good ability to raise and maintain livestock, especially in rural and nomadic areas, which has a large share in providing meat and dairy products needed by people in the province and even exported to neighboring provinces. . In recent years, drought, water crisis, loss of pastures, smuggling and rising livestock costs, etc. have caused great damage to this strategic sector. The purpose of this study was to investigate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the dairy industry in the rural areas of Kerman province through the analysis of internal and external factors. The instrument used was a questionnaire and descriptive statistics and SWOT analysis were used to analyze the information. The results showed that "the existence of climate diversity in the province" is the most important strength and "non-timely payment of milk prices by industries" are the most important weakness in the dairy industry. In addition, "increasing demand for milk and dairy products" was the most important external opportunity and "fluctuations and rising livestock costs" were the most important external threats to the industry. Also, according to the findings of the study, weaknesses and threats are more important in the dairy industry and are in a situation where the system can act with the help of defensive strategy to reduce weaknesses and threats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adopting pressurized irrigation technology on the management of sustainable rural development with respect to the rural entrepreneurship variable in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province (Kiar city). This research is descriptive-survey in terms of applied purpose and its method. The statistical population of the study included 100 farmers and farm managers in the villages of Kiar city. According to Cochran's formula, the required number of samples was estimated at 80 people. Cluster sampling method was used for sampling. Data collection tool was a standard questionnaire that to confirm its validity and reliability, the questionnaire was provided to experts and experts in this field and the necessary changes were applied to it, which was approved. And Cronbach's alpha coefficient of variables (rural entrepreneurship, sustainable rural development management and adoption of pressurized irrigation technology) are (0.844, 0.871 and 0.802), respectively. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability of shared values were used to measure reliability using SmartPLS-2 software. The results showed that the adoption of pressurized irrigation technology has an effect on sustainable rural development management due to the rural entrepreneurship variable in Kiar city and in addition, the impact of rural entrepreneurship on sustainable rural development management in Kiar city was also confirmed. Rural entrepreneurship has also been able to mediate between the adoption of pressurized irrigation technology and the management of sustainable rural development. Finally, it is suggested that the government, through expert and local promoters, can hold special training courses on pressurized irrigation in the villages of Kiar city, in order to achieve sustainable rural management in Kiar city by influencing rural entrepreneurship.